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Biography: Mao Tse Tung

Added Jul 13, 2021 •

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from and this is biography mounted on brought the Communist Revolution to China and gain political power through the barrel of a gun the Chinese system he overthrew near 50 years ago was backward than corrupt few would argue the fact that he dragged China into the twentieth century but a. Cost in human lives that is staggering suspected enemies of the party were murdered by the mill farming collectives and the Great Leap Forward of industrialization that failed miserably and left Millions more dead from starvation Mario left the system of Oppression that continues to this day even is trying to move forward with the economic reforms and toward the central position on the world stage here's my rule one quarter of the world's population he turned show from a few do Backwater into one of the most powerful countries in the world I would say he was a genius even those who opposed him because he would say the same but behind the wall of Silence we know he presided over the deaths of tens of millions of his countrymen now what's more like styling than Hitler but he was possible for many more deaths than either of them he ruled is an emperor of Romaine does Simple Man every night you know that he never brushed his teeth he was a peasant but may be judged in the future as one of the bloodiest dictators of the 20th century China the last important. king of Communism in the world for more than 50 years the country's history has been dominated by the shadow of One Man Mod they don't you still revered as the finding father of modern China the man who turned Marxism into maoism and gave the Chinese people in New dignity and self-respect he probably that methadone could bring happiness to them there's a popular song called the East is red which goes the East is red the sun is reason has appeared in mom came from a peasant family his parents and grandparents before them on the 3 and 1/2 acre plot of land in the village of Xiao Shan Shan it's a small hamlet in the Pro Winds of Hunan in southern China it was here in a house which is now a museum but my was born on December 26th 1893 a feudal society we lived well and millions barely survived in the cities opium addiction was widespread in the countryside feudal landlords ruled like kings and extorted punitive taxes there were frequent peasant Rebellion switch with bladder is impressed life was tough and brutal Miles Family we're better off than many his father Mal Jen Shen was a self-made man with a quick temper who believed in the virtues of hard work and often beat his son Mario and his two younger brothers were much happier with their mother when she met and illiterate a devout Buddhist who trying to shelter them Ma was very close to his mother it was spent a lot of time with his father in his old age when he went back to visit his parents crazy mama said his mother had been more important to him than his father by the age of 6 the young ma was already toiling for long hours in his father's field you got a brief education but by the time he was 13 he was working full-time on the Family Farm he grew increasingly Restless he lacked adequate education and then we also had it and ignoring it and Bishop and this is a pretty volatile combination and he really didn't know what do it himself but he always had a voracious appetite for reading and a kind of spirit of radical Adventure when he was 14 his father arranged get him to marry a local girl but Manu by now that he wanted to escape the confines of Village Life and he never accepted or lived with her three years later when he was seventeen he finally left home and caught a boat to the bustling Regional capital of China Shaw where he planned to enroll in a proper School almost immediately he found himself caught up in a revolution for years trying to have been ruled by a corrupt an ineffectual monarchy the country was falling apart the monarchy was now overthrown by a modernizing republican movement headed by the kuomintang or nationalist party Mile reveled in the upheaval there was relative calm he enrolled in a teacher training, but as a gesture of support for the Rebellion cut off his traditional Chinese pigtail until then a capital offense roving bands of Bandits it was a time when a patriot of Youth and now a certainty that wondered where the China he joined the student group and dreamed of a new China he believed in the importance of physical well-being we know this because one of his what time is youth wrote a book about their life together and how now had persuaded him and a few others to Tramp across the countryside during the holidays Crossing streams going up mountains because you felt that if patriotic young people we're going to save China they had to be healthy and strong in order to do it in 1918 he qualified as a teacher he was 24 in the same year his much-loved mother died now had no incentive to go home and left for the capital Beijing to look for a job the city full of young man trying to make a living Mao had difficulty finding work he eventually found a lowly job at the University and moved into a room in the poor part of the city would you shared with seven other piece Mal was an assistant in the Beijing library and I think for him this is as close as he could get to a university education he was treated with adoration by other students by the students he also I think was extremely frustrated by the level of this position it was now mingling with the students edmol heard about the Communist Revolution in Russia he was fascinated by it seemed to offer New Hope for the downtrodden peasants of his own country mile became a revolutionary Marxist and an inaugural member of the Chinese Communist party with a small group that got together and ma was there as a sort of preventative of the uncouth masses you might say nobody took him seriously at all my return to his home province of Hunan to preach communism to the peasants within they took his new wife the daughter of one of his old school teachers but there was little time for family life China was now Sears anti-communist call Chiang Kai-shek in 1947 he clamped down on his radical opponents thousands of communist supporters were will you round it up many were beaten and shot mile fled with his family and a struggling band I mean it to the remote and inaccessible mountains of Jiang Shi in southern China a place he knew from his youth he was in his late 30s man with a price on his head of a quarter of a million silver dollars he was about to emerge as the most important revolutionary figure in China in the remote Genesee The Battered remnants of the Chinese Communist Party regrooved Mao and his comrades were now Outlaws with a price on their heads Macy's black started to build a military base by the late 1920s they were attracting a steady stream of supporters mama was in his element he loved the ceaseless the danger and the excitement but he knew it wouldn't be long before Chiang Kai-shek government attacked mom and other companies realized they had to build an army gradually and with great difficulty actually want to be gorilla Warriors they want to just chill at cops about families to look after and very difficult to build a gorilla where is base area they did build up and it became a threat I'm always learning to become a skillful and ruthless organizer though he hid it behind a facade of great Mount exuded a kind of basic Simplicity he wore very simple clothes his clothes were full of cigarette Burns watch them self in public he would do all kinds of charming vulgarity at which made people feel feel very comfortable sometimes even Superior to the Communists became of threat the government could not ignore and in 1930 Chiang Kai-shek attacked the Communists were hopelessly outnumbered Jordan outgun if they relied on conventional military tactics they be wiped out it was now that my wrote his famous guide to guerrilla warfare take the enemy head-on Retreat when he advances attack when he rests one of the early was Miles wife and companion young guy who who was killed in a gorilla raid six months later as Government troops closed in Mount married again his new wife was a guerrilla fighter called Jose Chen but it was a marriage lived on the Run by 1934 there were close to 1 million government soldiers finding the Communist cap even guerrilla warfare became impossible the Communists face destination and we're forced to withdraw as they did so they argued about what to do next most of the leaders wanted to make a heroic Last Stand Maui almost alone counseled against it and after weeks of retreat punctuated by military. he forced a showdown he chose just the right moment when people are really fed up they match hundreds and hundreds of miles and they didn't know where they were going and he seized that opportunity just to force confrontation at which he was able to take over leadership it was a historic confrontation the moment mile became the unquestioned leader he set out from Jiang Shi in the south greatest strategic retreat in military history as 6000 mile Trek across China to shining sea in the North it became known as the Long March the Communist soldiers were attacked all along the Route and paid an appalling price of the 100,000 people who set up less than 20,000 survived get the Long March save the Communists from almost certain Extinction and turn mile into a living legend High School Lindholm oh and the Red Army climb the snowy mountains and the way the crowds ones Walmart vision of the Chinese people them of course A year later in 1936 the beleaguered communist strangled into the isolated northern city if you're not too remote for the government forces to reach them then is now getting on is an impoverished Market Town surrounded by steep mountains and forgotten by successive governments Mario and the other communist leaders settled into the cave house typical of the region as word spread that he had established a new base fresh supporters pickled in attracted by his reputation as an outlaw now I could reach out to people both individually and collectively he was a great Storyteller for example we also had a capacity for selecting the place where he would tell the story so that in the ain't honest actually it was outside there were caves behind him where people live the caves themselves had a certain primitiveness which complied starting the world all over again the sound of Horses The Plank of military gear the shouting of soldiers in the distance so that especially for young people just arriving in your non there was a kind of magic yeah man became a communist liberated Zone and for the first time in years mom had the opportunity to reflect on what he learned he wrote poetry and thought more carefully about revolutionary politics it was because I was already taken by him for me speeches I feel that he was better than the other Chinese leaders the others were trained in the bronze or in the USSR so that interact with different easily understand an MAOI exploded behind the facade of the great leader he was also a womanizer Mount very famous for both demanding rigid discipline on the part of his officers and with respect to women and women's rights while himself literally of plundering the situation and he was a famous philanderer has new recruits arrived now and started an affair with one of them an actress called Johnny ching he now deserted his wife for her a year later he married for the fourth time he would remain with jjangjjang for the rest of his life though he would never be faithful to her either only later would it be clear mouse callousness was part of his personality at the time it was excused by the pressures of War by the late 1930s Chiang kai-shek's forces have moved up from the south and were once again on the point launching a major attack help came from an unexpected quarter China's old anime Japan invaded getting a paw in atrocities against the civilian population miles sees the opportunity to forge an unlikely alliance with Chiang Kai-shek in the name of repelling the an invader it came just in time the Japanese invasion allowed mile honorably and with much popular support in effect who is John Kasich to desist from his attacks on the calmness and to form an antigen. Three years later China and Japan were sucked into World War II America sent Aid and advisers to help Mal fight the Japanese at the end of the war with American help the Communist should become stronger and better equipped than ever before 1949 after a series of running battles with government troops Mama's communist guerrillas over around the country and marched into the capital Beijing The Peasant revolution had prime I didn't virgin play helped on the man who was to become one of the most powerful communist leaders in the world mile was 55 on the most successful Guerrilla leader of the 20th but even bigger challenges lie ahead on October 1st 1949 in Beijing Tiananmen Square miles reclaim the birth of the People's Republic of China it was the end of the thirty years Civil War on that day we ask to go to Town Square Mall as a very great person and the savior of China because at the time I had already witnessed much of the corruption of the I admired him very much and so did my fellow students I wasn't a very exciting I must say I declare the People's Republic of China I didn't know much about it but he might towels hard while gradually became a god that Paul mile traveled North the month. it was his first-ever trip abroad and he was uncertain what to expect but he was impatient to Dragon China end of the twentieth century and hoped his most important Ally the Soviet Union would help the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin however Captain hanging around for weeks and when the two men met they didn't get on Darlene had little interest angina out of my was angered by the high-handed ways darling treated in despite the show of friendship my left Moscow dissolution but this Sunday and I lied China would have to solve it's problems l o back home he kept his promise to the Pepin and announced a sweeping Land Reform program largest states receive from feudal landowners and divided up among the people who work them landlords were publicly humiliated who was William but in the city there was less popular support for the Communists and many people reside did the original position of party rule there was an enormous resentment at the half way in which the party treated anyone watching the party member the way in which they ran the country Electro who had traditionally felt that they were part of the ruling Elite and would now be bossed around Often by party officials who had a primary school education is best miles since the disquiet and in 1956 he launched China's first ever experiment in democracy an open invitation to the country's intellectuals to express their views it was he time to let a hundred flowers bloom a hundred schools of thought content he expected the worst mild criticism how long should you fly in the belief that he would give the intellectual students even a safety valve to express exorcism in their fault they would be quite happy and satisfied and he fight their self at Wheaton not too bad the last time we is so why should that be any really strong criticism but he had misjudged the moved huge poster it appeared strongly criticizing the Communist Party my was shaken by the severity of the criticism Tango Tango now felt very nervous and threatened as more and more posters appeared can increasingly uneasy one of my friends who was his secretary told me tomorrow even became sick with the worried it was the last time Mount ever consulted the Chinese people soon the words he ruthlessly Crush those who dared to speak up hundreds of thousands were labeled rightists and lost their jobs tens of thousands were the prison camps one of them was a journalist called you been yeah who suggested that the Communist Party should be more accountable he founded hard to believe what was happening to him I peed a cutie because I didn't think Ma will be wrong I thought I must be the one who had done something wrong for two months a newspaper an article I thought I was finished that it was sent to labor in the country over 1 million families were affected by the so-called anti-rightist Purge you been Yan's wife didn't see her house in four years when will being was labeled as rightist I was completely shocked and I was like a torn apart into two persons I thought Mall couldn't be wrong so I must be wrong so I tried very hard to to conform to this idea. what's a rightist for many people this was the moment my lost touch with reality and turn from a popular leader into a murderous and paranoid dictator please write one not really right is that for a friend of mine was at a meeting it didn't say anything about to get touched his head that he became a state by touching your head you are indicating that if you were to speak up your head will be chopped off so you are right it but mauno longer cared surrounded by yes man he was now free to pursue his personal vision you could have guessed where it would leave in 1958 my left Beijing for one of his periodic tours of the country he was impatient with the slow pace of change and worried the revolution that lost its momentum he felt it was time to shake up the country and rekindle the old enthusiasm why would someone who believed in movement loved upheaval he said so to his doctor and is quite clear from the way he behaved as part of his personality is part of why you like the Marshall life the gorilla existence that was what Revolution was has my roam the country he was suddenly struck by the huge potential of China's vast Army of workers in the country locked Modern Machinery it had more human muscle power than anywhere else in the world that summer he said about galvanizing it into action he called it the Great Leap for a massive mobilization of China's menu give me sad smile a lot of Economist in the 1950s and 60s said that bootstrap development was the way to go getting the peasants to local industry what was wrong was that he went overboard in what could be done he had Chris chop saying he was going to overtake America in 15 years he said what we loved it takes a little bit and 15 years the effects were felt almost immediately in the countryside that was a huge reorganization of farming in less than five 900 million person almost four times the population of the United States were pushed and cajoled into enormous Collective Farm Green production was expected to quadruple but now had even bigger plan the country needed to produce more steel why shouldn't China's Millions help the come did jump decades and industrialize overnight a decree went out what country turned into a nation of Steel makers last year the night sky load orange just millions of tiny blast furnaces were built in every village in workplace many people had nothing to put in it went are the homes of Alcoholics to collect scrap metal later we couldn't find any scrap metal and we talked the heater and just into scrap metal it's really something unimaginably crazy but we did all that the Great Leap Forward turned into the greatest mobilization human beings the world has ever seen reports for dinner fantastic increases in output Mamajuana your good news and with memories of the anti-rightist Virgin still fresh in the country's memory nobody was willing to contradict it Mal became deaf and blind do you like my slated an ill-informed in his Palace the following year the truth seeped out most of the steel with useless in the fervor to produce it the Harvest it's simply not been collected for 2 years the 1958-59 or thereabouts I had the impression that now is really divorced from the other world around him the Chinese people he knew how to organize a revolution but he did not know how to run a country by the winter of 1959 as a result aphmau's Ambitions China have been pushed into an appalling famine whole village is dying of starvation when the cross-country bag height, people will laugh at nothing at all to eat when there was nothing else they have the bodies of the recently died I tell you a true story husband said to his wife if we all try to survive none of us will make it I'm going to give you my food and when I die I want you to eat my body and your place our child nobody knows how widespread such cannibalism was and recent estimates suggest around 40 million people died of hunger between 1959 and 1961 it was the worst man-made famine in history but the scale of the disaster was concealed from the country I'll me the Communist Party leadership new the reality Mario is quietly pushed to the sidelines and his rival you shall she a pragmatic politician took over the running of the country for the first time in 45 years, was forced to take a back seat he would spend the next five years plotting his return to power in 1966 at the age of 73 took a well-publicized swim in the river Yangtze for several years he'd want with this hey it's China's new leadership Undead is Revolution now it was time to return to the political Fray the swim was his way of saying look I'm back later that year he invited hundreds of thousands of school children and students to a series of enormous rallies in Beijing he calculated the young remembered nothing about the salmon and therefore them he was still in national hero people had this passion for now they really did get emotional I thought he was perfect my classmates would go to these rallies and they would go and stand for hours just waiting for the moment when Chairman Mao would come out and wave and he was God life miles thoughts published in the early 1960s in a little red book sent a wave of Hysteria to China's Young there were boot camps in newspapers Verde promoting mile under the company's party it looks upon him as the savior of the Chinese His Image was everywhere in our lives is Logan's what everywhere anyone who had a chance to shake his hand would not wash their hands they would not wash their hands for weeks and everybody else would want to touch their because this was the hand that touched chairman Mouse now he's convinced the country's moderate leadership was reintroducing capitalism we have total disregard for the normal process of political change. distance to root out what he called capitalist roader by which he meant his political opponents China was gripped by what became known as the great proletarian cultural revolution now was a very purposeful manipulator of the political process he was creating chaos very very purposefully as a way of getting control of the party was not crazy he understood that what he was doing in creating these conflict was weakening his opposition so that he could re-establish his own authority is on control spread through China like a whirlwind as miles Red Guard said about purging political moderate many of his victims were his traditional enemies the intellectual Chan Yeezy dad to write a letter tomorrow calling for more democracy was taking over a hundred times to be denounced that was beaten in Saints Row 3 so exhausted I could easily have died as a fact I didn't want to leave for members of my family were killed because I was accused of being a counterrevolutionary families were destroyed parents were pulled away from their children my husband often they were actually torturing people to death Haywood Road 10-minute quilt and and beat them to death and then they would throw their bodies out the windows and and call it suicide mile was back in command at a rally of the Communist Party in 1969 he received a hysterical welcome from his supporters weather can you grab that he had no qualms about exploiting this new popularity has ran God swept through the he shamelessly indulged his old appetite for young women you had to think of now is Lucy rock singer X factor of 10 touch him it's like you know you will never be the same again young women would want to be with him or serve him in any way to my classmates would go and entertain him and they would go seek we didn't know and they would go and stay in that Central Committee headquarters and go and entertain him so that was not a problem for him to get young girls to sleep with him by the end of the M60 is over 1 million people have been killed or imprisoned by the Red Guard miles opponents have been hounded out of power even he now I realize it was time to restore order the red guards were disbanded many were sent to cool off in the country after years of Chaos in China model now sought to break the increase isolation in the world it would be his last major initiative in a characteristically audacious move he turned to his arch enemy the United States 1972 invited the US President Richard Nixon to Beijing for a landmark meeting it was the first dialogue between the two countries for nearly three decades enjoyed Nixon's company do the American delegation had difficulty making sense of what he said occasionally Mao would make some comment that you really never could grasp a hold of it was too. quick and we didn't know enough about the context that he was speaking to be able to interpret what he mad but the Chinese were in the same situation I mean they were on Shaky Ground themselves and they were probably a bit panicky that would misinterpret now and get into hot water get on his wrong side it was the beginning of China's re-emergence into the world but miles Health was deteriorating and he would never live to see the benefits of his diplomacy on September 18th 1976 he died at the age of 83 China was devastated and today the Chinese people are still coming to terms with his legacy Edmunds led to the death of tens of millions of people until we try to him this way he was a great historical criminal he was also a great force for good have a two sides to Mouse character without him that I would not have been possible but he was also serious and scheming he was both a monster and a genius the changing face of China is sure to be one of the main themes of the coming Century which one is continuing Market reforms the country has a chance at the how many Comics super power despite his recent financial crisis yet China's human rights policies are still a major concern they were positive indications of progress recently when China agreed to sign the United Nations Covenant on civil and political rights which declares that all people have the right to self-determination and social economic and political freedom whether China will follow through on those ideals is hard to say but some observers hope it represents a softening of China's stance against dissenters at the very least it is a Leap Forward from the days of March 8th.

Uploaded by Ernesto Villarreal.

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Biography: Mao Tse Tung

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